\u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r Dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 ve T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Farmakoloji Anabilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Tayfun Uzbay ve \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi Sosyoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Bar\u0131\u015f Erdo\u011fan, iki farkl\u0131 disiplinden bir araya gelerek bireysel psikolojinin \u00f6nemli kavramlar\u0131ndan \u201c\u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik\u201d teorisini toplumsal d\u00fczeye ta\u015f\u0131yarak dikkat \u00e7eken bir akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya imza att\u0131. Uluslararas\u0131 sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek dergilerden Theory and Society\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan makale, \u201ckolektif \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131 teorik bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveye oturttu.<\/p>\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, \u00f6zellikle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde toplumlar\u0131n iklim krizi, ekonomik e\u015fitsizlik ve demokrasi sorunlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda neden giderek daha pasif kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nemli bir a\u00e7\u0131klama sunuyor.<\/p>\n
Bireysel bir teori, toplumsal bir a\u00e7\u0131klama arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n Makalenin \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131n, psikolog Martin Seligman taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen \u201c\u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik\u201d kavram\u0131 oldu\u011funu dile getiren Prof. Dr. Tayfun Uzbay, bu kavram\u0131n bireylerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131 ve \u201c\u00d6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik, bireylerin tekrarlanan ve kontrol edilemeyen olumsuz deneyimler sonucunda \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermeyi b\u0131rakmas\u0131d\u0131r. Benzer bir s\u00fcre\u00e7, kolektif travmalara maruz kalan toplumlarda da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Makalede, \u201ckolektif \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik\u201d kavram\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor:<\/p>\n \u201cBir toplumun geni\u015f kesimlerinin, s\u00fcregelen veya tekrarlanan travmatik olaylara yan\u0131t olarak kronik motivasyon kayb\u0131 ya\u015famas\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fimin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funa dair inanc\u0131n\u0131 yitirmesi ve genel bir pasiflik hali geli\u015ftirmesidir.\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cNe yaparsak yapal\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fmez\u201d inanc\u0131 yay\u0131l\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 bireysel de\u011fil, sosyal a\u011flar \u00fczerinden yay\u0131lan bir mekanizma ile g\u00fc\u00e7 kazan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n \u201cBa\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k deneyimleri bireyler aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r, yay\u0131l\u0131r ve zamanla kolektif bir zihinsel \u00e7er\u00e7eveye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. B\u00f6ylece \u2018ne yaparsak yapal\u0131m hi\u00e7bir \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fmez\u2019 inanc\u0131 toplumsal bir norm haline gelir.\u201d diyen Prof. Dr. Bar\u0131\u015f Erdo\u011fan, bu durumun yaln\u0131zca psikolojik de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda sosyolojik ve politik sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furdu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n Kolektif travma, depresyon ve \u00e7aresizlik ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fil<\/strong><\/p>\n Makalede, s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 kavram aras\u0131nda net bir ayr\u0131m yap\u0131larak, \u015f\u00f6yle devam edildi:<\/p>\n \u201cKolektif travma, sava\u015f, do\u011fal afet veya soyk\u0131r\u0131m gibi toplumun maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sars\u0131c\u0131 olaylard\u0131r. Kolektif depresyon, bu travmalar\u0131n sonras\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yayg\u0131n umutsuzluk ve karamsarl\u0131k gibi\u00a0duygusal sonu\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r. Kolektif \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik ise tekrarlanan ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar sonucu olu\u015fan eylemin faydas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair inan\u00e7 ve\u00a0davran\u0131\u015fsal pasiflik s\u00fcrecidir. Negatif ko\u015fullar ortadan kalksa bile bu pasiflik devam edebilir.\u201d<\/p>\n Makalede, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kavram\u0131n, yaln\u0131zca bir duygu durumunu de\u011fil, do\u011frudan eylemsizli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sundu\u011fu vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n Beyindeki n\u00f6ronlar ve toplum benzerli\u011fi vurgusu\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n Makalede, beyindeki n\u00f6ronlar aras\u0131ndaki sinaptik ba\u011flar ile toplumdaki bireyler\/kurumlar aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fim aras\u0131nda bir benzetme yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve beyindeki ba\u011flar\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131n\u0131n depresyona yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131. Sosyal plastisite kavram\u0131na da i\u015faret edilen makalede, \u201cSosyal plastisite toplumun travmalara uyum sa\u011flama yetene\u011fidir. E\u011fitim, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve adil hukuk sistemleri toplumsal direnci (sosyal plastisiteyi) art\u0131r\u0131rken; otoriter rejimler ve adaletsizlik bu direnci k\u0131rarak kolektif \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizli\u011fe zemin haz\u0131rlar.\u201d vurgusunda da bulunuldu.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in demokratik kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 kritik rol oynuyor<\/strong><\/p>\n Makalede \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131na da i\u015faret edilerek, \u201c\u00d6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizlik, bireylerde harekete ge\u00e7me ve kontrol\u00fc geri kazanma ile tersine \u00e7evrilebilir\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne yer verilerek, toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm i\u00e7in de kurumsal reformlar, \u015feffafl\u0131k ve adaletin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, sivil toplumun somut ba\u015far\u0131lar \u00fcretmesi ve demokratik kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n kritik rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131na da i\u015faret edildi.<\/p>\n Makalede, kolektif \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f \u00e7aresizli\u011fin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde demokrasilerin gerilemesi, gelir adaletsizli\u011fi ve \u00e7evre krizleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki toplumsal ataleti (eylemsizli\u011fi) a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ara\u00e7 oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekilerek, bu kavram\u0131n sosyoloji, psikoloji, n\u00f6robilim ve siyaset bilimi aras\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fc kurarak daha derinlemesine incelenmesi gerekti\u011fine vurgu yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Kaynak: (BYZHA) Beyaz Haber Ajans\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r Dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 ve T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Farmakoloji Anabilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5126,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5125","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5125"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5125\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5127,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5125\/revisions\/5127"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5126"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomievreni.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}